Spain’s Ongoing Pirate Site-Blocking War Targets Thousands of Subdomains
Amendments to Spain’s Copyright Act (Law No. 2/2011) in 2011 led to the formation of an administrative body known as the Second Section of the Intellectual Property Commission (S2CPI).
S2CPI launched in 2012 under the Spanish government’s Ministry of Culture and Sports and has the authority to instruct the country’s internet service providers to block subscriber access to confirmed pirate sites and services.
Data just published, covering the first quarter of 2024, begins with an overview of the number of blocking applications filed by rightsholders since records began in 2012. Even though three-quarters of the year remains, it seems unlikely that 2024 will see as many applications as 2023 or 2022.
Blocking applications to S2CPI (2021-2024(Q1)
The blocking process is triggered when rightsholders file an application with S2CPI to block a domain operated by a pirate site or service. From 2012 to Q1 2024, 909 applications were submitted, although just 11 of those during the first three months of 2024.
Over a Third of Applications Fail
While the specifics aren’t for public consumption, since its launch, S2CPI has rejected 24 blocking applications. Four of those were rejected in Q1 2024 for complaining about the registration of a website, not an established website where infringement is taking place.
In fact, the Spanish system seems quite prone to applications failing for one reason or another. Of the 909 applications ever received, 335 were closed for various rightsholder-related reasons, including withdrawing their own applications, failing to correct defective applications, and filing applications on insufficient grounds.
Other applications failed due to the disappearance of the pirate site in question, or the removal of the infringing content during S2CPI’s preliminary investigations.
“In the first quarter of 2024, no applications have been closed after the phase of investigations prior to the initiation agreement due to the applicant’s withdrawal,” S2CPI’s report notes.
564 Successful Applications From 2012 to Q1 2024
An application is considered successful if it complies with the law and “has given rise to the initiation of a procedure.” From 2012 to Q1 2024, 564 applications met the standard and of those, 447 were “fully processed” after a final resolution of withdrawal or blocking- or a resolution to archive.
“In the first quarter of 2024 there were 17 final resolutions corresponding to two special procedures (shorter because the responsible party was not duly identified in accordance with article 10 of Law 34/2002, of July 11, 2002, on information society services) and one ordinary procedure,” S2CPI notes.
Domain Names Subject to Final Resolution
There are no specific requirements for EU member states to make the domain names they block on copyright grounds available to the public. For those that do, transparency is often cited as important; for those that don’t, it’s not unusual for the justification for non-transparency to be just as opaque.
Despite recent controversies with its Piracy Shield blocking system and a marked reduction in transparency, no country comes close to the detailed reporting of Italy in respect of its regular site blocking system. Spain could do much more, but it still goes further than most.
By making lists of targeted domains public it hopes to “encourage and promote the adoption of voluntary measures of collaboration by intermediary services, electronic payment services and advertising services with respect to these infringing services.”
The domains listed below are those for which the S2CPI has issued a firm “Final Resolution” for the removal of pirate content or ISP blocking.
1. 10downloader.com
71. genteflowmp3.one
139. nswgame.com
2. 320ytmp3.com
72. genteflowmp3.org
140. onlinevideoconverter.pro
3. 9convert.com
73. genteflowmp3.tv
141. onlymp3.to
4. akerjandria.com
74. goear.cc
142. peliculasonlineflv.net
5. bajaepub.com
75. goear.com
143. pelis24.com
6. bajaepubgratis.com
76. goear.eu
144. pelis24.life
7. bajatodo.net
77. goear.pub
145. pelis24.live
8. bajatodo.xyz
78. grantorrent.cc
146. pelis24.tv
9. b-ok.cc
79. grantorrent.com
147. pelisespaña.club
10. booksmedicos.me
80. grantorrent.eu
148. pelisespaña.life
11. booksmedicos.org
81. grantorrent.la
149. pelisespaña.site
12. cinefox.tv
82. grantorrent.net
150. pordescargadirecta.com
13. clickmp3.com
83. grantorrent.nl
151. pordescargadirecta1.com
14. compralia.es
84. grantorrent.online
152. quedelibros.com
15. culturaparatodos.eu
85. grantorrent.tech
153. radikal-gamez.net
16. dafenart.com
86. grantorrent.xyz
154. repacklab.com
17. debeleer.com
87. grantorrentt.com
155. Romxci.com
18. descargalibrosxd.com
88. gratis-mp3s.net
156. rpgarchive.net
19. descargarmusica.me
89. harpofilm.com
157. rpgonly.com
20. divx-latino.com
90. harpofilm.es
158. savetube.io
21. divxtotal.com
91. holaebook.com
159. seriesflv.net
22. downmagaz.net
92. idoc.pub
160. sinoa.li
23. ducumon.me
93. internetculture.xyz
161. Snapinsta.io
24. ebookelo.com
94. lacalleochotv.org
162. snapsave.io
25. ebookmundo.net
95. lectulandia.cc
163. softcobra.net
26. ebookmundo.org
96. lectulandia.co
164. soymp3.live
27. eggnsemulator.com
97. lectulandia.com
165. soymp3.net
28. elitetorrent.com
98. lectulandia.eu
166. soymp3.org
29. elsolucionario.org
99. lectulandia.me
167. taodung.com
30. emudesc.com
100. lectulandia.mobi
168. thepiratebay.com
31. epublibrosgratis.com
101. lectulandia.rock
169. thepiratebay.net
32. team.gdn
102. lectulandia.top
170. thepiratebay.org
33. equipox.online
103. lectulandia.us
171. thepiratebay.se
34. equipox.ovh
104. lectulandia2.com
172. Tinfoil.io
35. en.ytmp3.plus
105. lectulandia2.org
173. Tinfoil.media
36. espaebook.com
106. lelibros
174. todocvcd.com
37. espaebook.org
mforos.com
175. todocvcd.net
38. espapdf.com
107. libronube.com
176. todoesgratis.online
39. espapdf.net
108. books4.com
177. todogamez.com
40. exclusivedd.com
109. books4.com
178. tonina.net
41. exclusivedd.net
110. libros4.net
179. tomp3.cc
42. exclusivedd.org
111. librosdemario.com
180. tucinecom.com
43. exdd.net
112. librosgeniales.com
181. ultimoslanzamientos.com
44. exvagos.club
113. librospdgratismundo.com
182. Vdoc.com.br
45. exvagos.com
114. Libzlibraries.com
183. veocine.es
46. exvagos.li
115. lomusical.com
184. vercanalestv1.com
47. exvagos.me
116. lomusical.com.co
185. verdirecto.tv
48. exvagos.net
117. lomusical.com.do
186. vooxi.com
49. exvagos.ovh
118. lomusical.com.mx
187. wwd.simp3s.app
50. exvagos.pro
119. lomusical.org
188. wwe.simp3s.app
51. exvagos.tv
120. Loslibrosquenecesitogratis.com
189. wwv.goear.info
52. exvagos.uk
121. Mir-knigi.net
190. wwv.gratis-mp3s.net
53. fiuxy.biz
122. mp3-convert.org
191. www.idoc.pub
54. . yump3.kim
123. mp3teca.com
192. x2download.com
55. elitetorrent.net
124. mp3xd.com
193. x-caleta.com
56. fiuxy.bz
125. multiestrenos.com
194. x-caleta2.com
57. fiuxy.co
126. Mundoepubgratis2.com
195. yoump3.app
58. fiuxy.com
127. musicalcloud.com
196. Youtube4kdownloader.com
59. fiuxy.eu
128. musicalcloud.es
197. yt1s.com
60. fiuxy.net
129. music-bazaar.biz
198. yt2mp3.info
61. fiuxy.org
130. music-bazaar.com
199. yt5s.com
62. flac24bitsearch.com
131. musicbazaar.mobi
200. ytmp3.mobi
63. flipax2.net
132. music-bazaar.movi
201. ziperto.com
64. forowarez.co
133. music-bazaar.net
202. Zlibraries.ru
65. freelibros.com
134. music-bazaar.org
203. Zlibraries.com
66. freelibros.me
135. music-bazaar.pro
204. Zlibri.it
67. freelibros.org
136. nasyeli.li
205. zlibros.es
68. fuleteo.pro
137. newpct.com
206. Zlibros.mx
69. genteflowmp3.com
138. newpelis24.com
207. zonapdf.com
70. genteflowmp3.me
Administrative Blocking in Spain
When the site blocking movement was first gaining momentum, concerns at internet service providers were not uncommon. As providers of internet connectivity, blocking elements of the internet ran counter to their core mission. Others quite rightly expressed concerns that if they agreed to block a few bad actors, it most likely wouldn’t stop there.
But even more importantly, where were the legal protections should everything go wrong? In the UK, Scandinavia and other European countries testing these waters, applications for injunctions at competent courts allowed increasingly flexible ISPs to offload their concerns onto the shoulders of a judge.
Judicial oversight on blocking matters still plays a role in some countries but in Denmark, Germany, Portugal, and more recently Spain, codes of conduct agreed between rightsholders, ISPs, and other interested parties, tackle site-blocking on an administrative basis.
Operated within the confines of the law but without its persistent oversight, those who request blocking and those with the ability to carry it out, do so directly.
Countering Blocking Countermeasures
For blocking proponents, eliminating friction in the system is increasingly important; blocked sites tend not to stay blocked for very long, so any blocking countermeasures need to be countered quickly. In Spain, sites that have already been blocked after being declared infringing, are handled under the administrative system when infringement persists.
That can mean rightsholders reporting replacement domains, proxy and mirror sites, or the growing deployment of subdomains by pirate sites whose main domains are usually already blocked.
According to the latest S2CPI report, late December 2023 the technical committee representing rightsholder signatories to Spain’s code of conduct, was submitting around 132 reports on a weekly basis, relating to more than 848 domains which together had deployed at least 3,972 subdomains.
Since in many cases these subdomains are configured to undermine blocking, swift and direct action is preferred to the relatively laborious process offered by the courts.
In this case all were quickly blocked but the use of subdomains to mitigate blocking isn’t anything new. Spain mentioned the practice in its 2021 report but with smaller numbers; 172 domains deploying 697 subdomains. In reality, this has been going on for a long time, but it’s the scale that makes it more notable today.
If we compare Spain’s figures to a small sample of the subdomains deployed by pirate IPTV providers to evade blocking by Sky in the UK, we get some idea of just how quickly matters can get out of hand when it’s possible to generate and deploy thousands of subdomains at will, within just a few minutes.
The 848 domains and by extension their 3,972 subdomains mentioned in the report are likely to be outdated figures after five additional months of blocking. However, when compared to other countries, Italy for example, Spain’s blocking of main domains is fairly low. At the time of writing, Italy’s main blocklist (not Piracy Shield) contains exactly 4,000 domains. Perhaps the closest by volume is Denmark’s list, which currently contains 783 domains.
The final list of domains made public by S2CPI in its latest report is somewhat similar to the UK’s Infringing Website List. It’s designed to prevent advertisers from doing business with the sites but also rolls in ISP blocking for good measure.
1337x.abcproxy.org
dontorrent.wales
pirate-proxy.date
1337x.buzz
dontorrent.wf
pirateproxy.live
1337x.gd
dontorrent.win
pirate-proxy.onl
1337x.proxyninja.org
dontorrent.ws
pirate-proxy.pw
1337x.st
dontorrent.wtf
piratez.xyz
1337x.to
dontorrent.xyz
remnantvt.com
1337x.torrentbay.to
Dontorrent.yokohama
repacklab.com
1337x.unblockit.app
dontorrent.yt
romslab.com
1337x.unblockit.cat
ebiblioteca.org
rpgarchive.net
1337x.unblockit.ltd
epublibre.org
savefrom.net
1337x.unblockit.nz
epublibre.xyz
simp3.page
1337x.unblockninja.com
epublibrosgratis.com
simp3s.blog
1337xto.to
en.1lib.limited
singemp3.app
1337xx.to
en.3lib.net
smg.cab
1337xxx.to
en.art1lib.org
songswave.com
1377.gd
en.b-ok.global
songswave.tel
1377x.to
en.b-ok.xyz
ssyoutube.bz
1lib.education
en.booksc.org
ssyoutube.com
1lib.limited
en.savefrom.net
ssyoutube.com
217jc07.com
en.singlelogin.se
ssyoutube.com.co
2conv.biz
en.ytmp3.plus
ssyoutube.mobi
2conv.com
en.z-library.se
thepiratebay.org
2lib.org
exdd.net
thepiratebay.party
320ytmp3.com
extratorrent.si
thepiratebay10.info
320ytmp3.info
extratorrents.it
thepiratebay3.to
320ytmp3.info
f3mp3.com
todoesgratis.online
320ytmp3.org
f3mp3.com
toolssolar.com
3lib.net
fiuxy2.co
torlock.unblockit.club
3wp2hb.club
flac24bitmusic.com
torlock2.com
88yespay.com
flac-album.com
tpb.wtf
9convert.com
flipax.foroactivo.com
tpbpirateproxy.org
9convert.com
flipax2.me
turkeynews.org
adaptiveequip.com
flipax2.net
twmp3.download/
ak47full.co
flv2all.com
u3.cuevana3.me
ak47full.com
flv2mp3.by
v1.mp3teca.ws
ak47full.net
flvconverter.org
v1.simp3s.online
ak47full.org
flvto.biz
v2.y2mate.bz
ar.art1lib.org
flvto.bz
v3.mp3teca.ws
art1lib.org
flvto.com.mx
viciovip.net
atomixhq.club
flvto.pro
viciovip.site
atomixhq.tel
flvto.pro
video-to-mp3-converter.com
atomixhq.xyz
flvtomp3.cc
wvw.gratis-mp3s.net
atomohd.app
foodcdnreviews.com
ww2.ebookelo.com
atomohd.art
forowarez.cc
ww2.lectulandia.com
atomohd.cc
free520.net
ww3.cuevana3.me
atomohd.ch
fuleteoplus.com
wwi.buentema.cc
atomohd.click
fullvicio.com
www.atomohd.vg
atomohd.com
grantorrent.fi
www.booksmedicos.net
atomohd.cx
grantorrent.si
www.booksmedicos.org
atomohd.eu
gratis-mp3s.net
www.clickmp3.com
atomohd.fi
hanouz.com
www.cuevana3.fm
atomohd.in
hkepet.com
www.dontorrent.uno
atomohd.li
holaebook.com
www.ebookelo.com
atomohd.link
holaebook.org
www.epublibre.org
atomohd.live
holaepub.com
www.espaebook2.com
atomohd.net
igmp3.download
www.flvtomp3.cc
atomohd.nu
ipauta.com
www.forowarez.cc
atomohd.one
itnetwork.store
www.freelibros.me
atomohd.org
k1.cuevana3.me
www.lectulandia.co
atomohd.pl
k3.cuevana3.me
www.libronube.com
atomohd.pm
knaben.ru
www.libronube.com
atomohd.re
knaben.xyz
www.librosdemario.com
atomohd.run
kokoebook.com
www.limetorrents.to
atomohd.tel
lectuepubgratis3.com
www.onlinevideoconverter.vip
atomohd.tw
lectuepubgratis3.com
www.pirate-proxy.one
atomohd.vet
leer.librosdemario.com
www.todocvcd.nz
atomohd.vip
leerlibrosdemario.com
www.y2mate.com/es59
atomohd.wf
lelibros.online
www.youryoutubetomp3.com
atomohd.win
libgen.click
www.youzik.net
atomohd.xyz
libgen.ee
www1.cuevana3.ch
atomohd.yt
libgen.fun
www1.cuevana3.fm
bajaepubgratis.com
libgen.gs
www1.cuevana3.vc
bajaepubgratis.com
libgen.gs
www1.grantorrent.wf
bajartonos.org
libgen.is
www11.libros4.net
b-ok.africa
libgen.lc
www12.libros4.net
b-ok.as
libgen.li
www13.libros4.net
b-ok.cc
libgen.pm
www14.libros4.net
b-ok.global
libgen.rocks
www15.libros4.net
b-ok.xyz
libgen.rocks
www2.cuevana3.ch
book4you.org
libgen.rs
www2.cuevana3.pe
booksc.org
libgen.rs
www3.cuevana3.ch
booksc.xyz
libgen.st
www3.cuevana3.me
buentema.bar
books4.net
www4.cuevana3.ch
buentema.cc
libros4.org
www4.libros4.net
buentema.uno
libros4.org
www5.libros4.net
buentono.biz
librosgratisxd.net
www6.libros4.net
buentono.org
librosgratisxd.xyz
www7.libros4.net
c3.cuevana3.me
librosgratisxd1.com
www8.libros4.net
conv.pw
librosgratisxd2.com
x1337x.eu
conv.pw
librosmania.com
x1337x.eu
converter.cx
limetorrent.cc
x1337x.se
converter.cx
limetorrent.ws
x1337x.ws
corourbano.app
limetorrent.xyz
x2convert.com
corourbano.cc
limetorrents.cyou
x2convert.pro
corourbanos.com
limetorrents.lol
x2convert.video
cuevana3.ai
limetorrents.pro
x2download.app
cuevana3.ch
limetorrents.to
x2download.app
cuevana3.vc
limetorrents.torrentsbay.org
x2download.com
culturaparatodos.eu
limetorrents.unblockit.date
x2download.com
descargarepubgratis.org
limetorrents.unblockninja.com
x2download.net
descargasdd.org
limetorrentx.cc
y2mate.bz
descargasdd.org
listenvid.net
y2mate.bz
don.ms
listenvid.net
y2mate.com
dontorrent.art
megaepubs.com
y2mate.com
dontorrent.bet
megaepubsgratis.com
y2mate.com/en59
dontorrent.bid
mirrorbay.top
y2mate.is
dontorrent.bz
mixnuevo.com
y2meta.app
dontorrent.cab
mixtema.com
y2meta.com
Dontorrent.Capetown
mp3.casa
y2meta.com
dontorrent.cat
mp3.casa
y2meta.com
dontorrent.center
mp3cielo.app
y2meta.mobi
dontorrent.ch
mp3cielo.co
yoump3.dad
dontorrent.click
mp3cielo.wiki
yoump3.day
dontorrent.contact
mp3clan.com
yoump3.dev
Dontorrent.cooking
mp3gato.com
yoump3.fans
dontorrent.cx
mp3hub.net
yoump3.in
dontorrent.cymru
mp3meow.com
yoump3.pm
Dontorrent.cyou
mp3paw.app
yoump3.top
dontorrent.dev
mp3quack.app
yoump3.zip
dontorrent.dog
mp3quack.wiki
youtube-downloader.cc
dontorrent.durban
mp3snow.com
youtubemp3cut.com
dontorrent.eu
mp3teca.app
youtube-mp3-music.com
dontorrent.fail
mp3teca.biz
youtubemp4.kim
dontorrent.fans
mp3teca.co
youtube-to-mp3.com.se
dontorrent.fi
mp3teca.info
youtubex2.com
dontorrent.fit
mp3teca.info
youzik.net
dontorrent.fun
mp3teca.ws
yt1s.com
dontorrent.futbol
mp3tecas.net
yt1s.download
dontorrent.gs
mp3xd.com
yt1s.io
dontorrent.gy
mp3xd.com
yt1s.kim
dontorrent.ink
mp3xd.tools
yt1s.pm
dontorrent.ist
mp3y.download
yt5s.best
dontorrent.it
mp3-youtube.download
yt5s.com
dontorrent.joburg
mpgun.com
yt5s.com
dontorrent.kim
mundoepub.com
yt5s.in
dontorrent.li
mundoepub1.com
yt5s.io
dontorrent.ltd
myfreemp3juices.cc
yt5s.io
Dontorrent.makeup
myfreemp3music.com
ytconvert.ytmp3.guru
dontorrent.mba
newalbumreleases.cc
ytmate.tools
dontorrent.me
newalbumreleases.net
ytmp3.bid
dontorrent.men
newalbumreleases.net
ytmp3.cafe
dontorrent.moe
noticiasatuais.info
ytmp3.cc
dontorrent.nagoya
notube.cc
ytmp3.com.se
dontorrent.nl
notube.fi
ytmp3.icu
dontorrent.nu
notube.im
ytmp3.network
dontorrent.party
notube.io
ytmp3.plus
dontorrent.pet
notube.lol
ytmp3.plus
dontorrent.pl
notube.site
ytmp3.works
dontorrent.pm
nsw2u.com
ytmp3eu.com
dontorrent.pub
nsw2u.in
z2.cuevana3.me
dontorrent.pw
nsw2u.org
zonadelibrosxyz2.com
dontorrent.re
nsw2u.tk
dontorrent.red
nsw2u.xyz
dontorrent.rodeo
nswgame.com
dontorrent.rs
nswrom.com
dontorrent.run
nxbrew.org
dontorrent.se
obrintpas.com
dontorrent.si
onlinevideoconverter.com
dontorrent.sk
onlinevideoconverter.pro
dontorrent.soy
onlinevideoconverter.vip
dontorrent.tel
peggo.fun
dontorrent.tf
peggo.fun
dontorrent.top
pelis24.pl
dontorrent.tw
pelis24.se
dontorrent.vet
piratebayproxy.uk
dontorrent.vg
pirate-bays.net
dontorrent.vin
pirate-proxy.cc
dontorrent.vip
pirate-proxy.club
From: TF, for the latest news on copyright battles, piracy and more.
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